Articles & Reviews
The Hollywood Reporter
Read interviews with Director
Steven Okazaki
indieWIRE
San Francisco Chronicle
Recommended Books
BAREFOOT GEN (Hadashi no Gen)
Written by Keiji Nakazawa
DEATH IN LIFE: SURVIVORS OF HIROSHIMA
Written by Robert Jay Lifton
HIROSHIMA
by John Hersey
HIROSHIMA NOTES
Written by Kenzaburo Oe,
Translated by David L. Swain & Toshi Yonezawa
SHOCKWAVE: COUNTDOWN TO HIROSHIMA
Written by Stephen Walker
Recommended Films
BAREFOOT GEN (1992)
Directed by More Masaki
DAY AFTER TRINITY (1981)
Directed by Jon Else
KUROI AME (Black Rain, 1989)
Directed by Shohei Imamura
THE MUSHROOM CLUB (2005)
Directed by Steven Okazaki
WHY THE BOMB WAS DROPPED(1995)
Directed by Gerald Thomas
Organizations Committed to
Nuclear Disarmament
The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND)
International Campaign to
Abolish Nuclear Weapons (ICAN)
International Physicians
for the Prevention of Nuclear War
Physicians for Social Responsibility (PSR)
WHITE LIGHT/BLACK RAIN features the following 14 atomic bomb survivors, many of whom have never spoken publicly before, and four Americans intimately involved in the bombings.
KIYOKO IMORI was 11 years old at the time. She and her best friend had just arrived at school and were changing their shoes in a below ground concrete structure when the bomb exploded over Hiroshima. When they emerged, the school was gone and their 620 classmates were dead. They jumped into the nearby river to escape the fires that engulfed the city. Although they shared the exact same experience, Imori survived, but her friend died a week later from radiation exposure.
SHIGEKO SASAMORI was 13 years old. She shielded her eyes to look at the B-29 flying over Hiroshima, then the blast knocked her unconscious. She woke up dazed and badly burned. She found her way to a schoolyard and lay down under a tree. Unrecognizable because of her burns, she repeated her name and address over and over until her father finally found her. She came to the United States in 1955 watomicith a group of young women known as the Hiroshima Maidens and underwent numerous plastic surgery operations.
KEIJI NAKAZAWA, 6 years old at the time, lost his father, sister and younger brother in the Hiroshima bombing. In shock, his pregnant mother gave birth to a baby girl on the day of the bombing. The infant, named Tomoko, died four months later. Later, Nakazawa told his family's story in the epic comic book series Barefoot Gen (Hadashi no Gen), one of the most powerful literary explorations of the atomic bombing.
YASUYO TANAKA and CHIEMI OKA were 9 and 10 years old, living in a Catholic orphanage. Close friends, devoted Catholics, they found each other after the blast, faced extraordinary hardship together, but managed to survive. The orphanage housed more than 20 infants, all of whom perished. In 1945, Nagasaki had the largest Catholic population in Asia and some believed that the city would not bombed by the Americans because of this.
SAKUE SHIMOHIRA was 10 years old. She lost her mother and brother in the Nagasaki bombing. Later, her sister committed suicide by stepping in front of a train. For 10 years, Shimohira lived with a dozen other homeless survivors in a small shack in the middle of the devastated landscape, sometimes surviving by eating grass and garbage. She recalls returning to the place where her sister died, planning to kill herself too. At the last minute, she jumped aside as the train approached. "I realized there are two kinds of courage: the courage to die and the courage to live," she says. "I decided I wanted to live."
KATSUJI YOSHIDA, 13 at the time, remembers feeling the force of the Nagasaki blast and flying more than 100 feet through the air. One side of his face was horribly burned and disfigured. Even in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, survivors with external scars experienced cruel treatment from other more fortunate survivors. Yoshida initially retreated into the shadows, refusing to go out in public. But soon, with his mother's love and encouragement, he worked up the courage to step outside and, today, he is a leading figure in the peace movement.
SUNAO TSUBOI was a 20-year-old university student in Hiroshima when the bomb was dropped. He notes that the art and literature students were drafted into the army first, before science majors like him. But he says he was ready to go to war, to die for his country, "to fall like petals from a flower, that was our destiny."
SHUNTARO HIDA, a 28-year-old military doctor at the time, was a safe distance from the Hiroshima bomb. He began treating people immediately after the bombing. Later, patients who should have been getting better began dying. He says, "We didn't know what it was. For a doctor, that's frightening to not know what you're treating."
PAN YEON KIM was 8 years old. Her family, like many poor Koreans at the time, immigrated to Japan, to avoid starvation. After the Hiroshima bombing, Koreans survivors faced further prejudice and additional hardship, so her family returned to Korea. She has struggled with the Japanese government to obtain medical benefits.
SUMITERU TANIGUCHI, then a 16-year-old mail carrier in Nagasaki, was about to deliver a letter when the bomb was dropped. He was badly burned on the face, arms and back. Strangely, the wounds on his back never healed and he lives with perpetual pain. He says, "I've shown you my wounds, because I want you to know this can't happen again."
LAWRENCE JOHNSTON, a 21-year-old civilian scientist working at Los Alamos, worked on the team that developed the detonators for the Fat Man bomb. He believes he is the only person to witness all three of the first atomic explosions: Trinity, Hiroshima and Nagasaki. He says, "We've opened Pandora's box and the genie can't be stuffed back in the bottle."
THEODORE "DUTCH" VAN KIRK, 24 years old then, was the navigator aboard the Enola Gay for the Hiroshima mission. Captain Paul Tibbets told him that the bomb they were about to drop would probably shorten or end the war. Although he believes that dropping the bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki was the right thing to do, he also says "There is no time I think a bomb should have been used since World War II. None whatsoever."